As Chinas largest economic central city, Shanghai should actively give full play to its highly globalized resource endowment and actively build a global high-level talent hub by building an institutional framework for the flow and agglomeration of high-level talents, Serving the national strategy. By combing the successful experience of major countries and cities in attracting high-level talents, we found that strategic planning, immigration policies, headhunting companies, employment methods, platform carriers, supporting environment and cash subsidies are effective means to attract high-level talents, and relevant practices are worth learning from.
上海作为中国最大的经济中心，打造国际大循环中心节点和国际国际双循环策略链接的定位需要，应踊跃施展自身高度环球化的资源，经过构建环球高水平人才流动与汇聚的制度性框架，全体，片面策动，踊跃打造环球高水平人才枢纽，服务国度策略。咱们经过梳理关键国度和吸引高水平人才阅历发现，策略布局、移民政策、猎头公司、用工形式、平台载体、配套环境和现金补贴是吸引高水平人才的有效手腕，关系做法值得自创。
I. Seven ways for major countries and cities in the world to effectively attract high-level talents
环球关键国度和有效吸引高水平人才的七种手腕i. Establish a systematic top-level strategy for urban talents
（一）树立系统化的人才顶层策略The talent strategy of global key cities is not only a part of the urban strategy, but also significantly different from other urban development plans. It is far better than the special strategies of other cities in terms of importance and completeness.
环球重点的人才策略既是策略的一，又与其余开展布局有显著区别，无论关键性还是完备度都远胜其余专项策略。
First, most of the worlds key cities have detailed talent strategic planning. The main talent plans of New York City include "NYC talent draft", "Applied Sciences NYC", "NYC tech talent pipeline", etc. through the "NYC talent draft" plan, students from major colleges and universities across the country are introduced to supplement scientific and technological talents from abroad. At the same time, the "Applied Sciences NYC" plans to establish parks and schools to cultivate their own local scientific and technological talents. The "NYC tech talent pipeline" program quickly provides available scientific and technological talents for the science and technology industry. The mayor of London has proposed the "visa for innovative talents" and the "visa for innovative talents" program, such as "building a new talent center in London with the help of the mayor of London, and the" SF "program. The small business loan guarantee (sflg) program helps all kinds of people come to London to start businesses, provide easy access to loans, establish new enterprises and attract talents. Due to the lack of local talent resource market, London pays more attention to talent absorption and overseas introduction, which is reflected in the above policies.
一是环球重点具备具体的人才策略布局。纽约市关键的人才布局有“NYC Talent Draft”、“Applied Sciences NYC”、“NYC Tech Talent Pipeline”等，经过“NYC Talent Draft”方案引入全国各大高校的在校生，外来科技人才，同时“Applied Sciences NYC”方案树立园区和学校，造就自己外乡的科技人才。“NYC Tech Talent Pipeline”方案则为科技迅速提供可用科技人才。伦敦市关键人才布局有“伦敦签证”、“特征猎头系统”、“小企业存款（SFLG）方案”等，“伦敦签证”由市长提出设立，低劣技术人才和时兴设计师极速取得签证，来伦敦开拓新创意，创立新企业，置身于这个环球人才中心。“小企业存款（SFLG）方案”则各类人员来伦敦启动守业，提供易取得的存款途径，树立新企业，吸引人才。伦敦由于外乡人才资源市场的匮乏，愈加注重人才的排汇和海外引进，在上述政策中皆有所表现。
Second, the strategic planning of talents has been promoted to the position of paying equal attention to urban planning. The New York 2050 plan fully absorbs the contents of the talent plan NYC talent draft and focuses on establishing a fair talent environment in the 2050 plan. More than 80% of Tokyos innovation 25 strategy is about talent development.
二是人才策略布局优化到了与布局偏重的位置。纽约2050布局排汇了人才方案NYC Talent Draft的内容，在2050布局中重点突出树立偏心的人才环境。东京的翻新25策略80%的内容是无关人才开展的。
Third, in terms of system and mechanism design, talent strategic planning often adheres to creating an environment for recognizing, loving and using talents. In the process of building a global talent hub in London, special attention is paid to labor regulations, housing, education and immigration, which directly affect the labor force in London. Emphasize the comprehensive experience in talent introduction, talent utilization and human settlements. New York has established a portal covering education, employment, housing, social services, health and safety for cross-border talents, providing information about living and working in cities.
三是在体制机制设计方面，人才策略布局往往保持营建识才爱才用才环境。伦敦打造环球人才枢纽环节中，特意注重劳工法规、住房、教育和移民，这些间接影响伦敦劳能源的起因。强调在引才、用才和人居环境方面的片面体验。纽约为跨境人才树立了涵盖教育、务工、住房、社会服务、肥壮和等关键内容的门户网站，提供关于在生存和上班的消息。
Chapter 1 talent development planning of global key cities source: Official Website of global cities
Source: Official Website of global key cities
ii. Systematic and perfect immigration policy
系统完善的移民政策A systematic and complete immigration policy system has become a key measure for major countries in the world to attract high-level talents from abroad. For example, the United States divides high-level talents into five categories: outstanding talents (EB-1), potential talents (eb-2), highly skilled talents (eb-3), religious talents (eb-4) and entrepreneurial talents (EB-5). The immigration policy of each category of talents covers qualification recognition, accompanying relocation of family members, financial burden, public welfare and other contents, and evaluates the qualification of such immigrants in combination with the point system. At the same time, some countries have gradually recognized dual nationality. In 2008, South Korea announced conditional recognition of the dual nationality of South Korean citizens and foreign talents, bringing about more than 1 million high-level talents. India opened dual citizenship in 2003, and many Indian entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley returned to New Delhi, Mumbai and other cities for development.
系统完整的移民政策体系成为环球关键国度吸引境外高水平人才的关键动作。例如，美国将高水平人才分为五类，区分是出色人才（EB-1）、潜在人才（EB-2）、高技艺人才（EB-3）、宗教人才（EB-4）和守业人才（EB-5），每类人才的移民政策涵盖了资历认定、家眷随迁、累赘、公共福利等外容，并联合积分制评价该类移民资历。与此同时，一些国度逐渐认可双重国籍。韩国在2008年宣布有条件地韩国公民以及本国低劣人才领有双重国籍，为其带来了约100多万高水平人才。印度在2003年开通双重国籍，硅谷的大量印度守业人才回到新德里、孟买等开展。
iii. Talent introduction mechanism of "government + headhunter"
“政府+猎头”的引才机制Headhunting companies use the "information gap" between talent supply and demand to organize the search for senior management talents and talents in key technical positions around the world. Major city governments recruit talents by directly purchasing the global services of headhunters. For example, the London municipal government spends £ 2.2 million a year to purchase Hays (Note: the worlds top human resource management company, headquartered in London, whose main business is the recruitment and management of global talents) services, which can directly collect information about high-level talents in 34 countries and 262 cities and provide it to relevant government agencies. Los Angeles City Government and Korn ferry With the signing of strategic cooperation, Korn ferry international continues to provide Los Angeles with talents in high-tech industry and financial service industry. In addition, the US government encourages local headhunting companies to enter the international senior talent market through preferential policies such as tax reduction and exemption, the establishment of headhunting funds and government subsidies. At present, five of the worlds top 10 human resources companies are from the United States.
猎头公司应用人才供应和需求的“消息差”在环球范围内组织搜索上层治理人才和关键技术岗位人才。关键政府经过间接购置猎头公司的环球服务，招聘低劣人才。例如，伦敦市政府每年破费220万英镑，购置瀚纳仕（Hays）（注：环球顶级的人力资源治理公司，总部在伦敦，关键业务是环球人才的招聘和治理）服务，可间接管集34个国度和262个高水平人才的关系消息，并提供应政府关系机构经常使用。洛杉矶市政府与光芒国际（Korn Ferry）（注：环球总支出排名第1的猎头公司，在环球50多个国度领有7500名人力资源顾问。）签订策略协作，光芒国际为洛杉矶市提供高科技和金融服务业人才。，美国政府经过减免税、设立猎头基金、政府补贴等活动政策，处罚外乡猎头公司进军国际初级人才市场。目前，环球前10大顶级人力资源公司就有5家来自美国。
iv. Sharing mode of talent circulation
人才环流的共享形式With the gradual recognition of the concept of "not for all, but for use" of talents, the wave of global circulation of accepting high-level talents is setting off. (Note: talent circulation refers to those high-level talents do not work in one city or institution, but move frequently around the world, presenting a "migratory bird" working mode in different countries or cities.) The governments of New York and Tokyo have actively established overseas talent systems, built career channels and bridges for circulating talents, and promoted government departments and enterprises to make full use of overseas talent resources. Through the "Contact Singapore" portal, Singapore provides channels for foreign talents to serve Singapore and Contact Singapore business, and actively establishes a platform to connect global talents with Singapore employers, which has played a positive role in balancing Singapores high-level human resources. At the same time, the issuance of residence cards is more flexible than green cards. The "Indian card" (for foreign Indians and their children) and "Indian overseas citizenship card" (for foreign non Indians) implemented in India have higher convenience than ordinary green cards. In addition to the right to vote and be elected, they can enter India many times in their life without residence period, registration with the entry authority, and free access to national parks, nature reserves Historical sites, etc. By the end of 2020, India has issued more than 15 million "overseas Indian citizenship cards" and "Indian descent cards", which has greatly promoted the return and circulation of overseas Indian talents.
随着人才“不求一切、但求所用”的理念逐渐被认可，接管高水平人才环球环流的浪潮正在掀起。（注：人才环流是指高水平人才不固定在一个或机构上班，而是在环球范围内频繁流动，在的国度或“留鸟式”的上班形式。）纽约和东京政府踊跃树立海外人才系统，为环流人才搭建职业通道和桥梁，推进政府、企业应用海外人才资源。新加坡经过“咨询新加坡”门户网站，为外籍人才服务新加坡和咨询新加坡业务提供渠道，并踊跃树立平台为环球人才和新加坡雇主牵线搭桥，在平衡新加坡高人才资源方面起到了踊跃的作用。同时，发放比绿卡愈加灵敏的居留卡。印度实施的“印度裔卡”（面向外籍的印度裔及其子女）和“印度海外公民证”（面向外籍的非印度人）比个别绿卡具备更高的便利度，除了没有选举权和被选权之外，终身可屡次进入印度，无寓居期限，无需向出境机关注销，并收费进入国度公园、人造区、历史古迹等。截止到2020年末，印度曾经发放了1500多万张“海外印度公民证”和“印度裔卡”，极大地促成了海外印度人才的回流与环流。
v. High end business platform
上流的事业平台High end career platforms are easy to form an "ecosystem" for high-level talents and produce a strong magnetic field effect of "gathering talents with talents". Major countries and cities around the world focus on attracting and utilizing global scientific research talents by building high-end scientific research institutions. There are three of the worlds top five scientific research platforms (the European Nuclear Research Center in Switzerland, the North Alamos National Laboratory in the United States, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in the United States, Bell Laboratories in the United States and the Chinese Academy of Sciences). Relying on the innovation platform, these three high-end scientific research institutions gather and attract top talents, and all kinds of global top talents come here, At present, there are more than 100 Nobel Prize winners and more than 1000 academicians. In addition, as a gathering place for research institutions and universities jointly researched and developed by officials and people, South Korea Dade science and Technology City integrates scientific research, production and scientific and technological personnel training. It has established 4 universities and 49 scientific research institutions, employs more than 4500 experts from 70 countries, and leads the world in the fields of microelectronics, new materials, fine chemicals, bioengineering, optics and aerospace industry.
上流的事业平台容易构成高水平人才汇集的“生态圈”，并发生“以才聚才”的强磁场效应。环球关键国度和注重经过打造上流的科研机构，吸引和应用环球科研人才。环球最顶尖的五所科研事业平台（瑞士的欧洲核子钻研中心、美国诺斯阿拉莫斯国度试验室、美国劳伦斯伯克利国度试验室、美国贝尔试验室、中国迷信院）有三所在美国，这三所上流科研机构附丽翻新平台，汇聚吸引顶尖人才，各类环球顶尖人才慕名前来，目前共发生诺贝尔奖取得者100位，院士1000位。，韩国大德科技城作为官民独特钻研开发的钻研机构和大学的集结地，集科研、消费和科技人才造就为一体，设立4所大学和49个科研机构，雇佣环球70个国度4500名专家，在微电子、新、精细化工、动物工程、光学和航空航天工业等畛域上游环球。
vi. Tolerant cultural atmosphere
宽容的文明气氛The cultural atmosphere of international language environment, tolerance of failure and courage to innovate can attract more innovative talents to develop. Major countries and cities around the world focus on creating a diversified language environment in creating a talent environment. For example, government offices in New York provide services in six foreign languages, including Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Spanish and French. At the same time, pay attention to the establishment of a cultural atmosphere of "tolerance for failure" and "no responsibility for trial and error". Most Japanese enterprises have the recognition system of "loser resurrection system" and "great failure Award". Beijing Zhongguancun has written "tolerating failure" into its development plan to form a mechanism of sharing trial and error costs.
国际化言语环境、宽容失败、勇于翻新的文明气氛能够吸引更多的翻新人才前来开展。环球关键国度和在营建人才环境方面注重打造多样化的言语环境，例如，纽约的政府提供中文、日文、韩文、西班牙语、法语等六种本国言语服务。同时，注重树立“失败宽容”和“试错无责”的文明气氛。日本企业大多有“败者复生制”和“大失败奖”的制度。北京中关村将“宽容失败”写入开展布局，构成共担试错机制。
vii. Direct cash subsidy
间接的现金补贴With the fierce competition for talents in cities at home and abroad, major cities have introduced different degrees of cash subsidies to continuously increase the amount of Talent Awards and cash subsidies. London provides a living allowance of £ 12000 a year for undergraduate graduates and £ 20000 for master graduates working in London. Shenzhen will give corresponding rewards and subsidies according to the level of scientific researchers. In 2018, Shenzhen absorbed 2678 high-level talents through awarding subsidies of 2.35 billion yuan, including a living subsidy of 240 million yuan for post doctors in the station. In the past five years, the average annual growth rate of the number of post doctors in Shenzhen has exceeded 30%, and the newly introduced post doctors who graduated from domestic double first-class universities or the top 150 universities ranked by the overseas times have reached 50%.
随着国际外在人才争夺竞争趋于白热化，关键均推出了的现金补贴，提高人才处罚和现金补贴的额度。伦敦为在伦敦上班的本科生提供一年12000英镑、硕士生20000英镑的生存补贴。深圳依据科研人员的，给与相应的处罚及。2018年深圳经过发放处罚补贴23.5亿元排汇高水平人才2678人，发放在站博士后生存补贴2.4亿元，近5年来，深圳博士前人数年均增速30%，且新引进的从国际双一流高校或境外泰晤士报排名前150高校博士后50%。
II. We should fully learn from relevant international experience and strengthen the attraction of high-level global talents
应自创关系国际阅历，加大对环球高水平人才吸引力度i. Formulate the global talent hub strategy and innovate the talent flow and competition mechanism
（一）制定环球人才枢纽策略，翻新人才流动与竞争机制
First, it is suggested to formulate the 2035 Shanghai global high-level talent hub strategic plan and carry out system creation and project design around the whole links of talent introduction, employment, education, retention and respect. The planning focuses on the establishment of vision, objectives and index system, the construction of classified talent policy system, the smooth flow and gathering channels of global high-level talents, the planning of talent introduction projects, the formulation of talent development and promotion and urban brand communication strategies, the opening and integration of channels and paths of global talent network, and the creation of international talent development environment, so as to promote the implementation step by step and orderly. Second, increase institutional innovation in talent allocation. Improve the talent market allocation mechanism, establish a supply and demand mechanism, price mechanism and competition mechanism in line with international standards, give full play to the basic role of the market in the allocation of talent resources, and give full play to the basic, fundamental and sustainable role of the market mechanism in allocating innovative resources and promoting the rapid integration and high-level integration of talents, science, technology and capital.
一是倡导制定《2035上海环球高水平人才枢纽策略布局》，围绕引才、用才、育才、留才和敬才全环节，启动制度创设和名目设计。布局重点聚焦愿景目的及目的体系设立，分类人才政策体系构建，环球高水平人才流动与汇聚渠道，引才名目，人才开展推行和品牌制定，环球人才网络的渠道和门路开拓融入、国际化人才开展环境营建等外容，分步有序推进实施。二是加小孩儿才性能方面的制度翻新。完坏蛋才市场性能机制，树立与国际接轨的供需机制、多少钱机制、竞争机制，施展市场在人才资源性能的基础性作用，施展市场机制在性能翻新资源、促成人才、科技、资本的极速联合和高度融合等方面具备基础性、根、性的作用。
ii. Relax the immigration access policy and create a "million talents" introduction plan
放宽移民准入政策，打造“百万人才”引进方案We will strive to decentralize the examination and approval authority of foreigners permanent residence, strive for the support of the Ministry of public security, promote the implementation of skilled migration policies as soon as possible, and implement the quota management and filing system by the state. We will promote the implementation of the points system, give high points to high-level talents, ensure that they can obtain permanent residence right when they are introduced, facilitate entry and exit and enjoy all kinds of social security. Key points include C-level talents, i.e., CEO, CFO and other senior management personnel; PM level talents, namely professionals and managers; Class Y talents are young talents at the early stage of their career. Relying on the new area near the port, launch the "million talent introduction plan". Implement the "negative list" management mode, adhere to "not for all, but for use", and actively introduce high-level global talents.
争取本国人终身居留审批权限下放，争取国度公安部允许，尽快推进技术移民政策落地实施，由国度履行配额治理、制度。推进积分制实施，关于高水平人才，赋予高积分，确保在其引进时就可失掉终身居留权，繁难境并享用各类社会保证。重点：C级人才，即CEO、CFO等初级运营治理人员；PM级人才，即专业人才(professionals)和运营治理人才(managers)；Y级人才，即处于职业早期的青年人才。附丽临港新片区，推出“百万人才引进方案”。履行“负面清单”治理形式，保持“不求一切、但求所用”，踊跃引进环球高水平人才。
iii. Connect with the headhunting market and further consolidate and improve the high-level talent search platform
对接猎头市场，进一步夯实与完善高水平人才搜索平台Map the distribution of top technologies and teams in the world. Actively connect with the global network of world-famous headhunting companies and collect talents and team information with industry-leading level and cutting-edge technology around the core links and key elements of the citys industrial chain. Strengthen the international talent business guidance of headhunters in Shanghai, give full play to the role of functional departments in policy coordination and information sharing, and consolidate the foundation of market-oriented talent resource allocation.
绘制环球顶尖技术和团队散布图。踊跃对接环球出名猎头公司的环球网络，围绕本市链外围环节和重点要素，在环球范围内收集具备行业上游水平、把握前沿技术的人才和团队消息。增强驻沪猎头公司的国际人才业务疏导，施展职能政策协调、消息分享等作用，夯实市场化人才资源性能基础。
iv. Explore the establishment of "contact Shanghai" Affairs Bureau and layout the global high-level talent service network
探求“咨询上海”事务局，环球高水平人才服务网络The "contact Shanghai" bureau was established to try to set up sites in key global cities and regions to provide one-stop services for global elites who are interested in seeking career development opportunities in Shanghai. Establish a "contact Shanghai" Chinese and English website, integrate the latest information of various talent activities and talent recruitment fairs in Shanghai, and build a communication platform for the supply and demand of high-level talents.
“咨询上海”事务局，在环球重点和地域设点，为无心寻求上海职业开展时机的环球精英提供一站式服务。树立“咨询上海”中英文网站，集成上海各种人才活动、人才招聘会等的最新新闻，为高人才供需搭建沟通平台。
（5） Build a working platform for overseas high-end talents and build a carrier support for building nests and attracting Phoenix
打造海外上流人才上班平台，构修建巢引凤载体撑持Set up "scientific and technological innovation strategic special zone" or "offshore innovation and entrepreneurship base" in specific universities, scientific research institutes and high-tech parks; Build an "information platform for world-class scientific research institutions" to provide>在特定的大学科研院所、高科技园区等设立“科技翻新策略特区”或“离岸翻新守业基地”；构建“国际一流科研机构消息平台”，为引进国际一流科研机构、推进国际科研协作提供数据开通撑持。
vi. Create an international cultural atmosphere and build a high-quality talent environment
营建国际化文明气氛，树立高质量的人才环境We will improve the overseas talent service platform, strengthen the service function, and provide foreigners with various services such as multilingual career counseling. Focus on improving the foreign language service level in public areas, and establish unified foreign language service standards and norms in window departments. Create an urban culture that embraces all rivers, pursues excellence, is open-minded, wise and modest, strengthen exchanges and cooperation with world-famous media and cultural communication institutions, and meet the various needs of talents at home and abroad in information, art, culture and religious beliefs. Cultivate a social fashion that encourages innovation and tolerates failure.
完善海外人才服务平台，强化服务性能，为本国人提供多种言语的职业咨询等各项服务。重点提高公共区域外语服务水平，在窗口树立一致的外语服务和规范。营建海纳百川、谋求出色、开通睿智、大气谦和的文明，增强与环球驰名媒体、文明机构的交换与协作，顺应和满足海外外人才在消息、艺术、文明和宗教崇奉等方面的多种需求。培育处罚翻新、宽容失败的社会习尚。
vii. We will increase institutional innovation in talent incentives and provide internationally competitive compensation and benefits
加小孩儿才处罚方面制度翻新，提供在国际上有竞争力薪酬福利Expand and integrate the "Shanghai Talent Development Fund" project and "Pujiang plan" and other overseas returnees and create a special financial fund to attract global talents for various awards, subsidies and subsidies for the introduction and training of high-level talents; Take tax policy as the main regulation means and reduce costs and risks for innovation and entrepreneurship activities of all kinds of talents through tax reduction and exemption. We will increase investment in human capital and actively explore ways for recognized high-level talents to invest and take shares in human capital such as intellectual property rights, scientific and technological achievements and R & D skills.
扩大并整合“上海市人才开展资金”名目及“浦江方案”等海归专项，打造吸引环球人才的专项基金，用于高水平人才引进、造就的各项处罚、资助、补贴；以税收政策为关键调理手腕，经过税费减免的形式，为各类人才的翻新守业活动降落微危险。加小孩儿力资本投资入股力度，踊跃探求经认定的高水平人才将常识产权、科技、研发技艺等人力资本作价出资、入股。
